大部分宾馆、饭店的客房部使用的布草都是以白色为主，所以酒店人对客房布草的白度十分重视，如果只采用漂白，只能获得一定的白度，但仔细观察，你会发现布草上还会有浅黄色或褐色，这主要是织物本身对自然光线中的蓝色光有微量的吸收，因此要使织物的白色达到一个理想的状态，可定期定量对布草实施增白。那么，白色布草怎么亮白如新呢？

　　Most hotels and restaurants use white as the main color for their guest room linens, so hotel staff attach great importance to the whiteness of guest room linens. If only bleaching is used, only a certain degree of whiteness can be obtained. However, upon careful observation, you will find that there will still be light yellow or brown on the linens. This is mainly due to the fabric itself absorbing a small amount of blue light from natural light. Therefore, to achieve an ideal whiteness of the fabric, regular and quantitative whitening of the linens can be carried out. So, how can white linen shine like new?

　　漂白的目的

　　The purpose of bleaching

　　在洗涤过程中的漂白目的主要有两个，一是去除织物上残留的需经过氧化作用或还原作用方可去除的污垢，使其达到织物本身的原有色泽；二是提升白色织物及带颜色织物的白度和亮度，使其色泽更加明亮艳丽。

　　There are two main purposes of bleaching during the washing process. One is to remove the residual dirt on the fabric that needs to be removed through oxidation or reduction, so as to achieve the original color of the fabric itself; The second is to enhance the whiteness and brightness of white and colored fabrics, making their colors brighter and more vibrant.

　　洗涤过程中的织物（如毛巾、床单、台布等）经过冲洗、预洗和主洗流程，在程序加料合理的情况下，水溶性污垢、油溶性污垢和某些固体类污垢等一般情况都可以去除掉。但对一些色素类污垢，只能通过氧化和还原作用才能去除的特殊污垢，常规洗涤是无法彻底去除掉的，必须在洗涤过程中设置漂白程序方可达到污垢全部去除。

　　During the washing process, fabrics such as towels, bed sheets, tablecloths, etc. undergo washing, pre washing, and main washing processes. With reasonable program feeding, water-soluble dirt, oil soluble dirt, and certain solid dirt can generally be removed. However, for some pigment based dirt that can only be removed through oxidation and reduction, conventional washing cannot completely remove it. A bleaching program must be set up during the washing process to achieve complete removal of the dirt.

　　漂白的时间

　　Time for bleaching

　　漂白过程中时间的长短与漂白剂的释放时间有关。在理想的漂白温度和理想的洗液酸碱度（pH值10.5）中，漂白剂加料一分钟时漂白剂基本已均匀的溶于洗液中。此时有效氯均匀的释放，在6-8分钟时氯基本释放完毕，这时溶液中的有效氯的浓度在10ppm。在排水时有效氯的含量应低于10ppm，所以在有效氯释放完毕再延长漂白时间已不起作用。

　　The duration of the bleaching process is related to the release time of the bleaching agent. At the ideal bleaching temperature and ideal pH of the washing solution (pH 10.5), the bleaching agent is almost uniformly dissolved in the washing solution when added for one minute. At this point, the effective chlorine is released uniformly, and the chlorine is basically released within 6-8 minutes. At this point, the concentration of effective chlorine in the solution is 10ppm. The effective chlorine content during drainage should be less than 10ppm, so extending the bleaching time after the effective chlorine is released is no longer effective.

　　漂白的温度

　　Bleaching temperature

　　在漂白过程中，温度对漂白效果十分重要，在漂白程序中选用氧漂还是氯漂进行漂白，可根据被漂白织物的特性及织物的颜色而选择合理的运用。

　　During the bleaching process, temperature is crucial for the bleaching effect. The choice between oxygen bleaching and chlorine bleaching in the bleaching process can be based on the characteristics and color of the bleached fabric.

　　漂白时温度对于氯漂是十分重要的，提高漂液的温度可提高漂白速度，缩短漂白时间。一般情况下漂白温度增加10℃可缩短一倍的漂白时间，如使用氯漂剂漂白，漂白的温度一般选择在65℃以下否则会使织物污黄、牢度下降。如使用氧漂剂可选择70℃～90℃为好。

　　The temperature during bleaching is very important for chlorine bleaching. Increasing the temperature of the bleaching solution can improve the bleaching speed and shorten the bleaching time. In general, increasing the bleaching temperature by 10 ℃ can shorten the bleaching time by twice. If chlorine bleach is used for bleaching, the bleaching temperature is generally chosen below 65 ℃, otherwise it will cause the fabric to become dirty and yellow, and the fastness will decrease. If using oxygen bleach, it is better to choose 70 ℃ to 90 ℃.

　　漂白的PH值

　　The pH value of bleaching

　　漂浴的pH值对于织物牢度损伤影响较大，当漂浴的pH值为中性7时，对织物损坏较重。漂浴在酸性条件下漂白速度十分快，但对纤维造成损伤较严重，正常情况下不建议采用。使用氯漂最佳状态pH值是10.2-10.5左右，在这种情况下漂白速度一般，但对纤维损伤较小，一般情况下可将主洗与漂洗设计在同时进行，既保持pH值又可达到漂白效果。

　　The pH value of the float bath has a significant impact on fabric fastness damage. When the pH value of the float bath is neutral at 7, the damage to the fabric is more severe. Under acidic conditions, the bleaching speed of the bleaching bath is very fast, but it can cause serious damage to the fibers, and it is not recommended to use it under normal circumstances. The optimal pH value for using chlorine bleaching is around 10.2-10.5. In this case, the bleaching speed is average, but the damage to the fibers is minimal. Generally, the main washing and rinsing can be designed to be carried out simultaneously to maintain the pH value and achieve the bleaching effect.

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